# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*- import operator import sys from typing import Callable def compute(monkeys: dict[str, int | tuple[str, str, str]], monkey: str) -> int: value = monkeys[monkey] if isinstance(value, int): return value else: op: dict[str, Callable[[int, int], int]] = { "+": operator.add, "-": operator.sub, "*": operator.mul, "/": operator.floordiv, } value = op[value[1]](compute(monkeys, value[0]), compute(monkeys, value[2])) monkeys[monkey] = value return value def invert( monkeys: dict[str, int | tuple[str, str, str]], monkey: str, target: int ) -> dict[str, int | tuple[str, str, str]]: """ Revert the given mapping from monkey name to value or operation such that the value from 'monkey' is computable by inverting operation until the root is found. Args: monkeys: Dictionary of monkeys, that will be updated and returned. monkey: Name of the monkey to start from. target: Target value to set for the monkey that depends on root. Returns: The given dictionary of monkeys. """ monkeys = monkeys.copy() depends: dict[str, str] = {} for m, v in monkeys.items(): if isinstance(v, int): continue op1, _, op2 = v assert op1 not in depends assert op2 not in depends depends[op1] = m depends[op2] = m invert_op = {"+": "-", "-": "+", "*": "/", "/": "*"} current = monkey while True: dep = depends[current] if dep == "root": monkeys[current] = target break val = monkeys[dep] assert not isinstance(val, int) op1, ope, op2 = val if op1 == current: monkeys[current] = (dep, invert_op[ope], op2) elif ope in ("+", "*"): monkeys[current] = (dep, invert_op[ope], op1) else: monkeys[current] = (op1, ope, dep) current = dep return monkeys lines = sys.stdin.read().splitlines() monkeys: dict[str, int | tuple[str, str, str]] = {} op_monkeys: set[str] = set() for line in lines: parts = line.split(":") name = parts[0].strip() try: value = int(parts[1].strip()) monkeys[name] = value except ValueError: op1, ope, op2 = parts[1].strip().split() monkeys[name] = (op1, ope, op2) op_monkeys.add(name) answer_1 = compute(monkeys.copy(), "root") print(f"answer 1 is {answer_1}") # assume the second operand of 'root' can be computed, and the first one depends on # humn, which is the case is my input and the test input p1, _, p2 = monkeys["root"] # type: ignore answer_2 = compute(invert(monkeys, "humn", compute(monkeys.copy(), p2)), "humn") print(f"answer 2 is {answer_2}")